Run Your NumbersWith Confidence

Good investing starts with clear math. These tools are intentionally simple, practical, and built for quick screening.

Estimate unlevered property yield from effective income and operating expenses.

Result appears first. Expand the assumption groups below to adjust the inputs that matter.

Purchase Price or Current ValueUse acquisition price for a purchase screen or current value for an owned property.Gross Monthly RentEnter total scheduled rent before vacancy or expenses.Other Monthly IncomeInclude recurring parking, laundry, storage, or similar property income.Vacancy and Credit Loss (%)Use a conservative allowance for vacancy and uncollected rent.

Property TaxesEnter the expected annual property tax bill.InsuranceEnter annual property and liability insurance.Repairs and MaintenanceUse a normalized annual allowance, not a best-case year.Management FeesInclude professional management even if you plan to self-manage.Utilities and HOAInclude owner-paid utilities, association dues, and recurring common charges.Other Operating ExpensesInclude licensing, landscaping, pest control, and other recurring costs.

Common Inputs to Sense-Check

Use these ranges as early screening references, then replace them with real quotes, leases, taxes, insurance, and lender terms.

Screening Ranges

Vacancy Allowance: 5-10% starting range
Repairs & Maintenance: 5-10% of rent
Property Management: 8-10% of collected rent
Closing Costs: 2-5% of purchase price
Initial Reserves: 3-6 months of expenses
Rate Stress Test: +0.50-1.00%

How to Use Them

• Use these as screening assumptions, not fixed rules.
• Older properties and student housing may need larger repair, turnover, and reserve cushions.
• Separate one-time renovation work from recurring operating expenses.
• Replace ranges with real quotes, leases, taxes, insurance, and lender terms before making decisions.
• If a deal only works with perfect assumptions, it probably needs more stress testing.